Posted September 13, 2023 in Electric Bikes, Cycling by eriksbikeshop
As electric bikes have grown more popular over the last few years, e-bike batteries have become a burning topic—specifically their safety and maintenance. When used properly, electric bike batteries are safe and reliable. But, as with any new technology, it’s important to learn the important details and follow guidelines from reputable manufacturers like Specialized and Aventon.
In particular, the lithium-ion batteries that power most e-bikes have raised concerns. When these batteries are damaged, they can overheat, catch on fire, and even explode. According to the FDNY, the number of e-mobility device fires was about nine times higher in 2023 than it was in 2019. Not coincidentally, sales of e-bikes rose 231% during that time.
Complicating matters is the fact that it’s currently voluntary, not mandatory, for manufacturers to follow industry guidelines for lithium-ion batteries (though legislation is currently working its way through Congress to change that). In addition, the popularity of e-bikes means that some companies are cashing in by using cheap and unsafe batteries to cut corners.
None of this should prevent you from enjoying the e-bike of your dreams! When operated safely, e-bikes offer an easy, fun, eco-friendly ride, as the millions of people who have bought electric bicycles in the US already know. But that makes it even more important to follow safety standards for your e-bike battery.
Read on to discover:
Electric bikes pedaled past the competition thanks to the development of lithium-ion batteries, which offer higher energy density and capacity per pound than older battery types, like nickel-metal-hydride (NiMH) and nickel-cadmium (NiCd). Newer e-bikes feature battery packs that consist of individual cells containing lithium ions. (Only the oldest secondhand models may have different chemistries, like the heavy lead acid batteries on the earliest e-bikes.)
E-bike batteries are made with cylindrical, prismatic, or pouch-shaped cells. Reputable manufacturers usually opt for cylindrical cells because they withstand higher temperatures without deforming.
There are several different kinds of chemistry makeups in lithium-ion battery cells: nickel manganese cobalt (NMC), lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), and lithium iron phosphate (LFP). There are trade-offs for each—LFP offers maximum safety but less energy storage, LCO provides high energy storage with a very short lifespan, and so on—but no single kind of chemistry has been deemed superior to the others.
Another important part of the e-bike battery pack is the battery management system (BMS), which regulates the individual performance of each battery cell. This is a crucial piece because each battery cell would behave differently without the BMS; some would last longer than others, some might provide a little more power, and some might glitch out, leading to serious battery safety issues. The BMS is there to ensure that doesn’t happen.
Lithium-ion battery cells derive power from electrolytes, which are minerals (generally in the form of salts) that carry an electrical charge. If that sounds familiar, you may be thinking of the electrolytes in your own body, which cause muscles to contract. In a lithium-ion battery, the electrolyte solution is a liquid that conducts ions in both the anode (positive end) and cathode (negative end) of the battery.
Most lithium-ion batteries feature a barrier between the anode and cathode. The problem is, when that barrier weakens or is ruptured, a chemical reaction can take place that results in “thermal runaway”—which may lead to e-bike battery fires. Even worse, the main ingredient in the electrolyte solution is ethylene carbonate, which is highly flammable and produces toxic gases when burned. Of course, with a properly manufactured and maintained battery, you should never have to worry about these potential risks.
Making sure your e-bike is as safe and efficient as it can be starts the moment you step in the store. Keep these pointers in mind to ensure that your e-bike keeps on rolling as long (and as safely) as possible.
FIRST STEPS
STORAGE
CHARGING
TRANSPORTATION
Now that you know how to store, charge, and transport your battery, it’s time to take your e-bike for a spin! But there are still a few important things to keep in mind:
MOUNTING AND INSTALLATION
There are several options for mounting e-bike batteries, including rear cargo racks, front cargo racks, triangle mounts, top tube saddle cases, and dolphin cases or battery cylinders that connect to the water bottle attachment points on the bike frame.
Each of these mounting styles has its own benefits and drawbacks. Generally, it’s best to position the battery pack close to the center of the frame and as low as possible (which makes battery packs that connect to the downtube especially popular).
As usual with e-bikes, follow the recommendations from the manufacturer or retailer and mounting/installing your battery will be a cinch.
MONITORING BATTERY HEALTH AND PERFORMANCE
Here are a few easy ways to ensure that your e-bike and its battery remain in optimal condition:
Your e-bike and its battery will be fun and easy to operate most of the time—but inevitably, issues will arise. Here’s what to do if you notice a problem with your e-bike battery.
Finally, there are preventive steps you can take to get even more out of your e-bike battery pack.
CLEANING AND CARE
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
Performing regular maintenance on your e-bike (and specifically the battery) will extend its lifespan and make your rides as easy and enjoyable as possible!
This might seem like a lot, but remember: e-bikes are fun, convenient, and easy to maintain as long as they’re properly cared for. To recap:
As e-bikes continue to grow more popular, it’s more important than ever to prioritize safety and make the most out of this exciting, eco-friendly revolution in transportation. Now’s the time—especially in Minnesota, where the state government has implemented a new rebate program to encourage widespread adoption of electric bicycles.
Still unsure what e-bike is right for you? Check out our e-bike buying guide, browse our exciting collection of e-bikes, and read more about proper storing and maintenance!
You can always be sure that ERIK’S partners with qualified e-bike manufacturers, like Specialized and Aventon, to provide top-notch electric vehicles and the safest possible accessories and equipment. We can’t wait to set you up with new e-bikes, gear, and the expertise you need to ride like never before!
If you have any questions or have concerns about e-bikes, batteries, or any other cycling gear, stop into an ERIK’S location or reach out using one of the methods below.
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